Law case to Joan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law case to Joan - Essay Example Vicinity has advanced from the clear test that was applied in Donoghue v Stevenson6 and is by all accounts applied after the obligation of care has been resolved. In Spring v Guardian Assurance Plc7 the House of Lords appeared to underline the significance of the ‘fair, just and reasonable’ factor when settling on a choice on the inconvenience of obligation. For this situation the appointed authority held that that a business who gave a reference in regard of a representative to a forthcoming future boss owed an obligation of care to the worker in regard of the planning of the reference and was at risk in harms for financial misfortune endured because of the careless readiness of the reference. In Donoghue and Stevenson8 the complainant went to a cafã © with a companion who got her a tumbler with frozen yogurt. The retailer poured an amount of ginger brew from a jug over the dessert. The complainant drank from the tumbler and when her companion bested up the beverage fr om the container the remaining parts of a disintegrated snail drifted out of the jug. Because of this the complainant turned out to be sick. As there was no authoritative connection between the complainant and the retailer the House of Lords were approached to consider whether the maker if the ginger lager owed an obligation of care to a definitive client. This prompted the development of the neighbor test9 the general rule of which was that ‘you must not harm your neighbour’.

10 Ways to Maximize Research at the Courthouse or Archives

10 Ways to Maximize Research at the Courthouse or Archives The way toward exploring your family tree will in the end lead you to a town hall, library, chronicles or other storehouse of unique reports and distributed sources. The everyday delights and hardships of your ancestors’ lives can frequently be discovered reported among the various unique records of the nearby court, while the library may contain an abundance of data on their locale, neighbors and companions. Marriage endorsements, family ancestries, land awards, military lists and an abundance of other genealogical pieces of information are concealed in organizers, boxes, and books simply holding on to be found. Under the steady gaze of heading for the town hall or library, be that as it may, it assists with planning. Attempt these 10 hints for arranging your visit and augmenting your outcomes. 1. Scout the Location The first, and generally significant, advance in on location parentage investigate is realizing which government doubtlessly had purview over the region in which your predecessors lived during the time they lived there. In numerous spots, particularly in the United States, this is the district or province proportional (for example area, shire). In different territories, the records might be found housed around lobbies, probate areas or other jurisdictional specialists. Youll likewise need to bone up on changing political and land limits to realize who really had locale over the territory where your predecessor lived for the timespan youre inquiring about, and who has current ownership of those records. In the event that your progenitors lived close to the province line, you may discover them archived among the records of the bordering area. While somewhat remarkable, I really have a precursor whose land rode the district lines of three regions, making it fundamental for me to routine ly check the records of every one of the three provinces (and their parent areas!) while looking into that specific family. 2. Who Has the Records? Huge numbers of the records youll need, from indispensable records to land exchanges, are probably going to be found at the neighborhood town hall. At times, be that as it may, the more seasoned records may have been moved to a state documents, nearby verifiable society, or other store. Check with individuals from the nearby genealogical society, at the neighborhood library, or online through assets, for example, the Family History Research Wiki or GenWeb to realize where the records for your area and timespan of intrigue may be found. Indeed, even inside the town hall, various workplaces normally hold various kinds of records, and may keep up various hours and even be situated in various structures. A few records may likewise be accessible in numerous areas, too, in microfilm or printed structure. For U.S. inquire about, The Handybook for Genealogists or Red Book: American State, County and Town Sources, both incorporate state-by-state and province by-region arrangements of which workplaces hold which records. You may likewise need to investigate WPA Historical Records Survey inventories, if accessible for your territory, to recognize other potential records. 3. Are the Records Available? You dont need to design an excursion most of the way the nation over just to find that the records you look for were decimated in a town hall fire in 1865. Or on the other hand that the workplace stores the marriage records in an offsite area, and they should be mentioned ahead of time of your visit. Or on the other hand that a portion of the area record books are being fixed, microfilmed, or are in any case incidentally inaccessible. Once youve decided the vault and records you intend to examine, it is certainly worth an opportunity to call to ensure the records are accessible for inquire about. On the off chance that the first record you look for is not, at this point surviving, check the Family History Library Catalog to check whether the record is accessible on microfilm. At the point when I was told by a North Carolina region deed office that Deed Book A had been absent for quite a while, I was as yet ready to get to a microfilmed duplicate of the book through my nearby Family H istory Center. 4. Make a Research Plan As you enter the entryways of a town hall or library, its enticing to need to hop into everything simultaneously. There for the most part arent enough hours in the day, be that as it may, to look into all records for the entirety of your progenitors in a single short excursion. Plan your examination before you go, and youll be less enticed by interruptions and less inclined to miss significant subtleties. Make an agenda with names, dates and subtleties for each record you intend to explore ahead of time of your visit, and afterward confirm them as you go. By concentrating your inquiry on only a couple of precursors or a couple of record types, youll be bound to accomplish your examination objectives. 5. Time Your Trip Before you visit, you ought to consistently contact the town hall, library or documents to check whether there are any entrance limitations or terminations which may influence your visit. Regardless of whether their site incorporates working hours and occasion terminations, it is still best to affirm this face to face. Inquire as to whether there are any cutoff points on the quantity of scientists, in the event that you need to join ahead of time for microfilm perusers, or if any town hall workplaces or uncommon library assortments keep up isolated hours. It likewise assists with inquiring as to whether there are sure occasions which are less occupied than others. Next 5 More Tips for Your Courthouse Visit Research Tips 1-5 6. Gain proficiency with the Lay of the Land Each genealogical store you visit will be somewhat extraordinary - regardless of whether its an alternate format or arrangement, various strategies and techniques, diverse hardware, or an alternate hierarchical framework. Check the facilitys site, or with different genealogists who use the office, and acclimate yourself with the examination procedure and techniques before you go. Check the card inventory on the web, on the off chance that it is accessible, and assemble a rundown of the records you need to inquire about, alongside their call numbers. Inquire as to whether there is a reference bookkeeper who has some expertise in your particular territory of premium, and realize what hours he/she will be working. On the off chance that records youll be inquiring about utilize a particular kind of file framework, for example, the Russell Index, at that point it assists with acquainting yourself with it before you go. 7. Get ready for Your Visit Town hall workplaces are regularly little and squeezed, so it is ideal to downplay your assets. Gather a solitary pack with a scratch pad, pencils, coins for the scanner and stopping, your exploration plan and agenda, a short outline of what you definitely think about the family, and a camera (whenever permitted). On the off chance that you intend to take a PC, sure that you have a charged battery, on the grounds that numerous vaults don't give electrical access (some don't permit workstations). Wear agreeable, level shoes, the same number of town halls don’t offer tables and seats, and you may invest a ton of energy in your feet. 8. Be Courteous Respectful Staff individuals at chronicles, town halls and libraries are commonly extremely accommodating, cordial individuals, yet they are likewise exceptionally bustling attempting to carry out their responsibility. Regard their time and abstain from bothering them with questions not explicitly identified with examine in the office or hold them prisoner with stories about your precursors. On the off chance that you have an ancestry how-to address or inconvenience perusing a specific word that simply cannot pause, it is normally better to ask another scientist (just dont bug them with numerous inquiries either). Chroniclers additionally extraordinarily acknowledge scientists who forgo mentioning records or duplicates not long before shutting time! 9. Take Good Notes Make Plenty of Copies While you may set aside the effort to arrive at a couple nearby decisions about the records you discover, it is normally best to take everything home with you where you have more opportunity to look at it altogether for each and every detail. Make copies of everything, if conceivable. In the event that duplicates arent an alternative, at that point set aside the effort to make a translation or dynamic, including incorrect spellings. On each copy, make note of the total hotspot for the archive. In the event that you have time, and cash for duplicates, it can likewise be useful to make duplicates of the total list for your surname(s) of enthusiasm for specific records, for example, relationships or deeds. One of them may later show up in your examination 10. Focus on the Unique Except if the office is one you can undoubtedly access all the time, it is regularly advantageous to start your exploration with the pieces of its assortment that arent effectively accessible somewhere else. Focus on unique records that havent been microfilmed, family papers, photo assortments, and other novel assets. At the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, for instance, numerous scientists start with the books as they are commonly not accessible on credit, while the microfilms can be obtained through your neighborhood Family History Center, or now and again saw on the web. Sources Eichholz, Alice (Editor). Red Book: American State, County Town Sources. third Revised release, Ancestry Publishing, June 1, 2004. Hansen, Holly (Editor). The Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America. eleventh Edition, Revised release, Everton Pub, February 28, 2006.

Storm Drainage Design Project, Flood Hydrographs Essay

Tempest Drainage Design Project, Flood Hydrographs - Essay Example Likewise hydrograph additionally conveys data of base stream, which is the underlying stream state of the waterway existing in stream preceding any tempest. The base slack alludes to the time rest of the waterway as for a precipitation which connotes the seepage capability of the catchments. The time interim between the pinnacle precipitation the hour of event of pinnacle release is accounted for as the bowl slack. The waterways with short bowl slack are increasingly inclined to floods as the react rapidly to precipitation and henceforth the release in the stream increments enormously sooner the catchment gets a precipitation. The two significant part of the overflow from the catchment that adds to the volume of water in the waterway are the surface stream, which incorporates all the courses through the outside of the waterway and sub surface stream segment which consolidates all the ground water stream releases into the stream after the beginning of a tempest. The moderate ascent is the degree of waterway stream profundity implied most of volume arriving at the stream as ground water stream. The appropriately built hydrograph would have the option to extensive measure of data of the conduct of seepage bowl as for a precipitation. ... The flood hydrograph for stream Cynon is set up by plotting he release through the waterway along the Y-hub and the time along x-pivot. So as to plot the precipitation dissemination, the profundity of precipitation is plotted along an optional y hub with time along the x - pivot. The hydrograph thus plotted is appeared in figure 1 and gives the point by point data on the seepage attributes of the bowl. The reports accessible have said that the subsurface states of the waterway Cynon bowl is low penetrability soil that could bring about low penetration rates. Consequently these conditions would bring about high surface spillover rates to the stream and thus the profundity of stream quickly rises. In this manner the hydrograph got have steep rising appendage followed by early pinnacle release levels. Further, the subsiding appendage is less steep than the rising appendage legitimizes the conversations introduced before. Likewise, the slack time is evaluated from the hydrological percep tions as 20 hours. The flood volume of the stream is registered from the all out volume of the water in waterway during the time of overflow, by increasing the profundity of stream in the waterway with the mean stream width given as 15 m and the normal waterway speed given as 4 m/s. The release calculation from the hydrograph is as given underneath Points of interest of calculation Condition Computation Release registered for the rising appendage Speed Depth of stream in waterway (for the rising appendage) width of stream 4 m/s 0.48 m 15 m = 29.1 m3/sec Pinnacle release Speed Depth of stream in waterway (for top release) width of stream 4 m/s 0.658 m 15 m = 39.48 m3/sec Release registered for subsiding appendage Speed Depth of stream in waterway (for the rising appendage) width of stream 4 m/s 0.34 m 15 m = 20.4 m3/sec Absolute territory of the catchment for the stream Cynon From records

Planning College Visits (Part 3 - On Campus Checklist)

Fingers crossed for good weather. [Image source: Columbia University, where Andrew spends most of his time] This post is part of a 3 part series. Check outPart 1 on Getting Started, andPart 2 on Traveling Efficently. Once you’re finally on campus for the visit and information session, you may feel like the battle has already been won. I see kids like that at Columbia every day – herds of sullen, blank-faced high school students shuffling from one academic hall to another. Admittedly, it can be an overwhelming experience to start visiting these grand, bustling institutions. But you need to remember that this is both your first glimpse at the school and its first look at you. Try incorporating a few of the suggestions listed below to your next campus visit and see if it makes you feel – or at least seem – like the engaged, passionate, admissions candidate you want to be. Ask thoughtful questions The silent and miserable students are the ones who are clearly there because their parents have forced them to be there. Before arriving, think about what you want to know about the school that you couldn’t learn from the website or brochure. Make a list. Almost anyone you meet on campus will be equipped to answer these questions for you. These questions will help you present yourself as serious and thoughtful. Ask about bad things too These kinds of questions should be geared more toward students than admissions officials, so if you find yourself in a candid moment with your student tour guide or overnight host, try to find out what’s bugged them about the college or perhaps something they wish were different about the campus, or even something they wish they had known before applying. The pitches you’ll hear during information sessions are sometimes so saccharine and positive that they start to blend together. But asking a (slightly!) negative question or two can often be revealing. And if you don’t feel comfortable asking about what students like least or wish they could change, you can try some trickier ways of getting at thorny topics. For instance, one way to get at issues of work/life balance is to ask if the campus library is open twenty-four hours per day – lots of schools try to tamp down on academic exhaustion by closing study spaces at a certain time of night. Sit in on a class Many colleges offer this option to students on campus or overnight visits, and it’s a great idea to take them up on it. Ostensibly, the classroom is what you’ll be paying for here. Choose a topic that interests you, but don’t be afraid of attending a lecture on something you know nothing about. Once you’re there, take a look around you. Can you imagine these people as your peers? Take a look at how engaged they are. Are they taking notes? Are they on Facebook? Are they actively participating in discussion? Is the professor engaging? Essentially – could you see yourself learning here? Go to a club meeting or sports practice Here you’ll have to do a little research, and a friend in place at the college or a helpful admissions officer will be your best bet. But also, try the internet – google the college of your choice and an activity you’re interested in. Most clubs and activities have their own sites now and it shouldn’t be too difficult to find the Dartmouth Young Democrats Club or George Washington intramural soccer. Few prospective students take advantage of extracurricular opportunities when they do their visits, but really it can be the best way to get a feel for the school’s culture. Of course, if there’s something you’ve been passionate about in high school, try that. But also don’t be afraid to use this as an opportunity to get a sense of the breadth of offerings on campus. As always, these are just some guidelines to get you thinking in the right mode before heading out on your college campus tours. For more college visits-related tips from me, check out Part 1 on Getting Started, andPart 2 on Traveling Efficently.We’re always here to help, so if you’re still feeling a bit confused about how to make the most of your time visiting college campuses, don’t hesitate to be in touch with one of our consultants! ;

Zero (or Bare) Infinitive - Definition and Examples

Prohibition Of The United States - 777 Words

Tigran Badalyants Nancy Papin History 102-1004 05 October 2014 Article Response Prohibition in the United States occurred as a result of the Eighteenth Amendment, which was passed on January 17th, 1920. Prohibitions lasted approximately 13 years and ended with the ratifications of the Twenty-First Amendment which repealed the Eighteenth Amendment on December 5th, 1933. Prohibitions did not yield any benefits for the average American, in fact I believe it hindered both men and women in economic, political and social ways. The main proponents of Prohibition were women and religious leaders. Women were the main cause behind the temperance movement. They sought to ban alcohol to bring back family structure and reduce domestic abuse. Many link women’s suffrage with the temperance movement. However, if women had not supported the Prohibitions I believe they would have received their right to vote earlier and with a much easier process than what had actually occurred. Liquor companies had a lot to lose if the Prohibitions came into effect. In th e eyes of the manufacturers and distributers of alcohol women’s suffrage was linked directly to the temperance movement. These companies had the most to lose if women obtained their right to vote. It was widely acknowledged that if women received their right to vote alcohol would be banned within a short period of time. Therefore, organized liquor and brewing interests plus retail saloon operators were fully opposed to the women’sShow MoreRelatedProhibition in the United States909 Words   |  4 Pagesday at work, you like to relax with a glass of wine, or maybe even bourbon. Without the ratification of the 21st Amendment, the people of the United States wouldn’t be able to enjoy any alcoholic beverages. The 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed in 1919, outlawing the sale of alcoholic beverages and brining in the period known as Prohibition. At the time, the top Prohibitionist in Congress stated: â€Å"There is as much chance as repealing the Eighteenth Amendment as there is for a hummingbirdRead MoreProhibition Of The United States1912 Words   |  8 PagesKlintworth Prohibition in the United States â€Å"Prohibition goes beyond the bounds of reason in that it attempts to control a man s appetite by legislation and makes crimes out of things that are not crimes.† Even though Abraham Lincoln lived about a half-century before Prohibition took effect in the 1920s, he described it quite well. The legislation essentially took alcohol, which had been a part of people’s lives since history of cultures were reported and made it illegal overnight. While Prohibition didRead MoreProhibition in the United States764 Words   |  3 PagesProhibition in the United States was a built up reaction to alcohol and illicit drugs from the Temperance and other religious organizations beginning in the 1840s and intensifying during the Reconstruction Period. By using increasing pressure on legislators, lobbying through Churches and, of course, embarrassing public officials into a stance, these organizations forced the ratification of the 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in January 1919. This law prohibited the manufacture, sale, orRead MoreEssay on Prohibition in the United States1500 Words   |  6 PagesProhibition created more crime because it was leading to corruption and the â€Å"cure† was worse than the original problem (Sifakis 725). The number of crimes increased during the Prohibition which caused organized crime to be very â€Å"popular†. Many criminal groups had a regular income of money through illegal actions such as drinking and selling alcohol (Organized Crime and Prohibition 1). Alcohol increased the organized crimes during Prohibition through loopholes in the 18th Amendment, speakeasiesRead MoreProhibition And Its Effects On The United States1661 Words   |  7 PagesWhen personal choice is withdrawn from individuals and prohibition is implemented to control natural human behavior, the hypocrisy that many preach the United States as being a free society and a nation of tolerance seems to deteriorate when politicians see a ny opportunity to capitalize on the masses without regard. Yet even after alcohol prohibition and fighting an endless war on drugs, history still repeats itself over and over again while the taxpayer is left with the bill. Responsible and recreationalRead MoreEffects Of Prohibition On The United States1272 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States has been actively engaged in a ‘war’ for nearly 25 years. At the heart of this struggle is the fundamental question: Is this a battle the United States can win? Many sources, such as whitehouse.gov, make the claim that drug laws are working Instead, it has created a military police force, reinforced a violent black market, discouraged safe drug usage, and done little to actually reduce drug use. In order to reduce these problems as much as possible, the United States hasRead MoreThe Prohibition Of Marijuana And The United States1559 Words   |  7 Pagesacross the U.S. during the 1900’s and has remained illegal e ver since, until recent years when states began legalizing it (huffpost.com). Although many people believe that the reason behind the prohibition of cannabis was based on genuine concern for the possible consequences it may have on the well-being of people if it remained accessible to all, the truth is that the drive behind the U.S.’s prohibition of cannabis was founded on racism. During the early 1900’s cannabis was considered an â€Å"ethnicRead MoreThe Drug Prohibition Of The United States Of America1629 Words   |  7 PagesThe cohorts of drug prohibition argue that the benefits of the prohibition are self-evident and undeniable. The basis of this assumption argument is that without prohibition the consumption of drug would skyrocket, and therefore, lead to disastrous outcomes. However, there is no evidence on the commonly held belief. The empirical evidence that exists does not support the notion of souring drug consumption. For instance, in the Netherland and S witzerland, where marijuana is legalized, the consumptionRead MoreWhy The Prohibition Is The Era Of The United States852 Words   |  4 PagesOn January 17, 1920, the 18th Amendment to the constitution of the United States of America took effect. The 18th Amendment had been ratified a year earlier, banning â€Å"the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors†(Okrent, 1) within the United States and its territories. This new decade is called the Prohibition. The prohibition is the era of bizarre and engaging images of speakeasies, intoxicated flappers dancing the Charleston, bootleggers, and mobsters protecting illegal tradesRead MoreEssay about Prohibition in the United States1865 Words   |  8 PagesProhibition in the United States There was once a time when an individual could not sit down and have a beer or mixed alcoholic drink legally after a long days work. At this time our American Government felt we needed to reduce drinking by eliminating the businesses that manufactured, distributed, imported, exported and sold intoxicating liquor. This was called Prohibition. By the 1820s people in the United States were drinking an average of 27 liters (7 gallons) of

ICT Services and Project Management Components

Question: Describe about the ICT Services and Project Management Components. Answer: Introduction The report covers an analysis and study on various components of ICT services and project management components and brings forward the exploration that is done on 10 different areas. Every area or the task that is completed comprises of two different resources along with a summary and reference attached with each of the resource. The summary explains the points that describe the reason behind the selection of a particular resource, details of the resource and the viewpoints that are covered in the resource. The topics that are covered in the report vary from one another such as there are topics present that include details on embedded operating systems, ransomware attacks, database vendors and seven more. Week 1 Resource 1 The Implications for Publishing of Electronic Document Storage and Delivery Line, M. (2013). The Implications for Publishing of Electronic Document Storage and Delivery. [online] purdue.edu. Available at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1220context=iatul [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Summary: This page has information on different mass storage technologies used earlier by companies worldwide. They have also discussed various aspects of all of these storage technologies in this paper. Mass storage technologies covered in this paper include Optical Drives, Hark Disk, Digital Paper, CD-ROM etc. Apart from old mass storage technologies they have also explored a few modern mass storage technologies like online storage over cloud, reference storage, backup storage etc. With the development in cloud technologies online storage has evolved to become most commonly most used storage media in recent times. The paper can be used to under the evolution of technology in storage media over the time. Certain trends, that were introduced in 90s but have evolved to become popular since, are also discussed in this paper. Some of these are Virtual Disks, RAID, multi-function drives, Direct Access Storage devices, removable media, bubble memory, virtual disks, High-Capacity Drives, Magnetic T ape Cartridge and digital Audio Tape etc. (Arnold, 1991). Resource 2 B ri n g i n g C l a ri t y t o H a r d Disk Drive Choices for Enterprise Storage Systems Rydning, J. (2016). Bringing Clarity to Hard Disk Drive Choices for Enterprise Storage Systems. 1st ed. [ebook] USA. Available at: https://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/servers/proliantstorage/drives-enclosures/docs/216652_IDC_Paper_2009FEB20.pdf [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Summary: This is a white paper published by Hewllet Packard. This paper has explored requirements and concepts of HDD (Hard disk drives). HDD was introduced to the market in early 50s. Hard disk drives have since gone through great evolutions. New age hard disk drives are very sleek and light which was not the case with early models. Its early models didnt use to have high storage capacity and were of huge size. For example the first hard disk drive had a storage capacity of 3.75 MB and as for its size; it had fifty 24 inch platters. In sharp contrast, modern day hard disk drives are of size of a few inches and many tera-bytes of data can be stored in them. Technology behind hard disk drives is the base used in the storage requirements for the modern interfaces used by organisations and individuals alike. This resource was selected for its in-depth explanation of the concepts and technology behind hard disk drives. Week 2 Resource 1 TinyOS An Operating System for Tiny Embedded Networked Sensors Raman, S. (2002). TinyOS An Operating System for Tiny Embedded Networked Sensors. 1st ed. [ebook] USA. Available at: https://crystal.uta.edu/~kumar/cse6306/papers/TinyOS_paper.pdf [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Summary: This is a published paper that traces the emergence of networked sensors used in used in TinyOS. It also explores their characteristics in this regards. TinyOS is basically an open source development environment that operates with the help of embedded networked sensors. TinyOS operates on the model that is - Active message communication. Advantage of this is that it gives high networking capabilities with the help of Multihop ad hoc routing. There are a few issues like limitations in connection capabilities, high processing time, limitations in size etc. with networked sensors. Their working is based on primitive interfaces which lacks the advanced capabilities that normal OS possesses. These sensors are designed for specific applications and not for general uses. As earlier embedded operations systems were not able to the meet the requirements of such sensors, TinyOS was designed and developed. This paper explains different components of TinyOS. It also describes in details how they operate together. It also explains communication challenges like low power listening, crossing layers etc. (Raman, 2002) A Look Back On Symbian On The Eve Of ItsDemise Lomas, N. (2016).A Look Back On Symbian On The Eve Of ItsDemise. [online] TechCrunch. Available at: https://techcrunch.com/2013/06/13/rip-symbian [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Summary: This online resource is an article Which explains in details Symbian Operating System. It tracks its development over the years and also chronicles its downfall and the issues contributing to the same. I selected Symbian for this study as it was the primary and at time the only portable OS. It had an effective life and fair share of contribution in the business sector. That is till Android came around and assumed control. Symbian operating system is an embedded and portable OS. It has its foundations the PDA world. This OS was mostly used by the Nokia brand for all its hand held devises. This was a framework working on shut source versatile. It was mostly intended to be used for the cell phones. There was a rebooted rendition of this OS which was again developed keeping in mind its same end goal i.e. for mobile phones but with the changing landscape of mobile phones with the touch screens slowly making the physical keyboards obsolete. Most of the software to be used on phones were al so being developed to suite the touch screen mobiles. I choose this online paper as it clearly explains and tracks the improvement in Symbian OS and its life cycle. Week 3 Resource 1 Wireless Sensor Networks: Yinbiao, S,Internet of Things: Wireless Sensor Networks. in , IEC, 2014, https://www.iec.ch/whitepaper/pdf/iecWP-internetofthings-LR-en.pdf [accessed 24 September 2016]. Summary: IOT connects technologies and information with physical infrastructures with the help of sensors. Selected research work is a published paper that explores the WAS (wireless sensor network) technology. It is a network of a vast number of sensors which can detect and recognise physical events like heat, light, pressure etc. This paper deliberates their evolution. It also reviews and explores some WSN applications such as smart homes smart grids, smart water networks, Smart girds, intelligent transportation etc. It optimizes and integrates renewable energy sources to electric vehicles and generators into the network which then delivers optimized power with more efficiency and reliability. Modern smart water systems are equipped with monitoring systems for waters base line quality and also helps trace the sources of contaminants. WSN can also be used for smart transportation on the vehicles. This can be used as a part of traffic infrastructure. Floating sensor network can also be utiliz ed for sensing applications to the mobile vehicles. Apart from these very effective smart homes can also be built with the help of the strategies to maximize the buildings performance by optimizing services, energy consumption and by saving energy for better tomorrow and for reduced energy costs. (Yinbiao, 2014). Resource 2 5 Great Internet of Things Startup Ideas Mehta, Y. (2016). 5 Great Internet of Things Startup Ideas - DZone IoT. [online] dzone.com. Available at: https://dzone.com/articles/internet-of-things-iot-startup-ideas [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. Summary: The online resource page is an article which highlights the key IoT trends and ideas. Framework for smart parking is an application which to a great extent utilizes the advantage of IoT. This is one of the several real issue confronted by a lot of individuals all over the globe with the help of IoT. The application works by incorporating the parking area. And, as for its working system lists down the particular spots of vacant parking openings at any a particular facility. It allows the client to enter the area is there is a parking space available and they it provides them with all available and accessible parking spots in the close by and accurate area. The already implemented arrangement will allow for the application to be used as a part parking exercise in Melbourne as well in different parts and states in the world. This is because it will exclusively be chipped away at a GPS based area where client enters for parking. Week 4 NETWORK PROTOCOLS HANDBOOK : Network protocols handbook. in , Saratoga, Calif., Javvin Technologies, Inc., 2007. Summary: As this task requires an exploration of various text based application layer protocols, this book is being selected as it explain one such protocol which is very popularly used by most email connections and it is called Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP). It was designed for managing streaming data used or entertainment and communications. The protocol establishes as well as controls the sessions that occur between two end points such as management of play and pause functions. The protocol has its own methods just like HTTP and these include OPTIONS, SETUP, PLAY, DESCRIBE, TEARDOWN and PAUSE. RSTP is also usd for Android devices and its implementation that runs on the mobile OS is called libstreaming. This book describes the protocol in one chapter that includes the discussions on structure, description and explains how the protocol majorly differs from called HTTP such as in terms of methods, states, requests, compatibility and so on. Test Suite for Session Initiation Protocol (TSIP): Wipro Technologies,Test Suite for Session Initiation Protocol (TSIP). in , Wipro, 2005, https://www.wipro.com/documents/resource-center/library/TSIP.pdf [accessed 28 September 2016]. Summary: As this task requires an exploration of various application layer protocols, this resource is chosen as it describes one popular application layer protocol called Test Suit for Session Initiation Protocol (TSIP) which consists of the text cases that are scripted using XML call flows. The paper discusses how the test suit protocol works and highlights its features, benefits, standards and components that it is used for testing. The paper suggests that major use of TSIP is testing of technologies on their abilities to fulfil needs of network equipments and service providers. The paper revealed that TSIP provides a graphical user interface for editing, selecting and executing test cases. The results achieved can be pass, fail or non-conclusive. If the results are not conclusive then messages and timestamps from logs are used for validation and decision making. The cases are not always mandatory but can be optional or just recommended to be tested. Week 5 Task An increasing computer security threat is the rise of ransomware attacks. Collect and summarise two online resources that discuss specific examples of ransomware attacks. The resources must not be about the same incident/attack. Resource 1 Understanding Locker Ransomware Attacks Wyke, J. and Ajjan, A. (2016). The Current State of Ransomware. [online] Available at: https://www.sophos.com/en-us/medialibrary/PDFs/technical%20papers/sophos-current-state-of-ransomware.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: Ransomware assaults have ended up well known in the digital world in the late years and the asset is a white paper that displays the points of interest that are connected with this type of the security assault. The creator trusts that the real classification of the ransomware assaults is the locker assaults in which the machine or the utilization of the casualty is bolted and it gets to be outlandish for the casualty to get to the same. The client capacities are broken up in such cases and just the message requesting the instalment is shown alongside the ability to finish the instalment procedure. The asset was chosen as it aided in picking up the information that is connected with this kind of the ransomware assaults. Resource 2 Understanding Crypto Ransomware Attacks Kotov, V. and Rajpal, M. (2016). Understanding Crypto-Ransomware. [online] Available at: https://www.bromium.com/sites/default/files/rpt-bromium-crypto-ransomware-us-en.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: The second sort of the ransomware assaults are the Cryto ransomware assaults and the asset chosen for comprehension of the assault is report that is composed on this assault. The creator trusts that the strategy by which this assault works is through the encryption of the information on the machine or the application on which it is dispatched. The encryption procedure continues gradually in the first place so that the client may not become more acquainted about the action and rapidly spreads to the whole information sets. Therefore, the client gets unable to utilize or unscramble the information without paying for the same. The choice of this asset was done since it gave the required data about this type of the ransomware assault. Week 6 Task SLAs and network design with redundancy are two ways to reduce the risk of a loss of network connectivity. However, reports of major network outages and their impacts on organisations regularly make news headlines. Collect and summarise two online resources that provide examples of these outages and their impacts on the business and/or its customers. The resources must not be about the same outage/business. Resource 1 Integrity Attacks Alteration of the Message and Media OFlynn, C. (2016). Message Denial and Alteration on IEEE 802.15.4 Low-Power Radio Networks. [online] Available at: https://www.newae.com/6lowpan/MessageDenial802154.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: System blackouts are a genuine worry in the present period and the asset is a white paper that is composed on this point covering the real types of system blackouts and the measures to counteract and control them. The creator trusts that the message and media adjustments are the assaults that influence the honesty of the framework and thus result in the system blackouts. The aggressors alter the first message or media that is under the way toward being exchanged from one area to the next. There are situations when this data is re-coordinated to the location not quite the same as the first goal address which disturbs the whole procedure. The purpose behind selecting this asset was to comprehend these assaults and the countermeasures that can be received for the same. Resource 2 Disruption of Availability Quality of Service Attacks Fowler, S., Zeadally, S. and Chilamkurti, N. (2016). Impact of Denial of Service Solutions onNetwork Quality of Service. [online] Available at: https://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:416487/FULLTEXT02.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: The second assault in connection with the system blackout is the Quality of Service (QoS) assault and the asset that is chosen for the clarification and comprehension of the same is a white paper that expounds the assault and its parts. The creator trusts that these assaults influence the accessibility of the specific service or application furthermore disregard the significant desire of the client from the same. The attacker downsizes the quality of the system to a degree that the client abandons utilizing the same and is left without the entrance to the system. The essential purpose for the choice of the asset was the point by point clarification of the assault that was secured in it alongside the effect that the assault has on the casualty that gets influenced by it. Week 7 Task Organisations are increasingly using social networking to engage with their customer base. Collect and summarise two online resources that provide examples of organisations using social networking successfully to expand or improve their business. The resources must not be about the same organisation. Resource 1 Ford Brown, E. (2010). How implementing social media strategies (the right way) attracts customer loyalty. [online] Available at: https://www.american.edu/soc/communication/upload/Ellie-Brown.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: The selected asset is an article that illuminates the once-over of the pervasive firms that have made their position more grounded through the aide of social groups on web. Ford Motor Company is an instance of one such affiliation that is to an incredible degree standard on web organizing and has utilized the phase to an extraordinary degree well through its person to person communication advancing system. The creator incorporates the means that Ford has utilized as a part of connection with the known and floating web organizing stages for the headway of their things and put forth the best of their photographs and segments to attract more customers. I picked this one as it gives a brief illumination of the strategy that has been utilized by the relationship to propel their name and things on the internet organizing stage. Resource 2 Netflix Zoey, (2015). Netflix Gets Social. [online] Social Media Marketing. Available at: https://www.postcontrolmarketing.com/453/2015/06/03/netflix-gets-social/ [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: The resource is an article that introduces an once-over of affiliations that have adroitly utilized the internet organizing stage for propelling their things and augmentation their customer base. Netflix is an affiliation that scores to an awesome degree well in such way. The creator trusts that Netflix has developed a strong hold tight the web organizing by accepting an imaginative and intriguing method. Netflix continues trying to keep the customer engagement dynamic by exhibiting distinctive systems and techniques on their records. I picked this advantage as it packs the information associated with ten one of a kind affiliations and their procedure for web organizing advancing in a to a great degree brief way which is definitely not hard to scrutinize besides simple to understand as well. Week 8 Task There are a multitude of paid and open source DBMS solutions available on the market. Collect and summarise two online resources that discuss examples of the more commercially popular DBMS vendors and that describe who use their products. The resources must not be about the same vendor. Resource 1 Database Vendor - Oracle Oracle, (2015). Oracle Database 12c. [online] Available at: https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/oracle-database-editions-wp-12c-1896124.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: Oracle is the most well known database merchant that offers various database administrations and answers for the client and the asset that is chosen to clarify the same is a white paper that rundowns the majority of the items that have been created by Oracle. 12c discharge is the most recent adaptation of the product that is created and is made economically accessible by the merchant and it accompanies numerous propelled highlights as far as the capacity handle the Big information and the operations that are connected with Big information, for example, examination, warehousing and business insight. The asset was chosen as it secured every one of the items that have been discharged by the merchant alongside a brief portrayal of every item too. Resource 2 Database vendor - Microsoft Cdlib, (2016). Technical Requirements for Licensed Resources. [online] Available at: https://www.cdlib.org/gateways/vendors/docs/cdl_technical_requirements_document_2015.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: Microsoft has dependably been a pro runner in the field of IT and has secured the field of database items too and the asset is a white paper that presents the database items that have been created and offered by Microsoft. The creator trusts that the SQL Server is the most famous database item that is given by the merchant till date out of the considerable number of items that it has created. In the mid 2016 Microsoft discharged the most recent form of SQL Server that incorporates the most recent elements regarding fundamental database operations and the propelled highlights. The purpose for the determination of this asset was the nitty gritty posting of items that was done in this paper alongside the arrangement of components and their utility that has been secured. Week 9 Task Outsourcing all or part of an organisations IT function has had mixed outcomes but for some organisations it has been a wise decision. Collect and summarise two online resources that relate to two specific outsourcing success stories (i.e. two organisations where outsourcing has worked out well). The resources and your summary should explain why the outsourcing was a success. The resources must not be about the same organisation. Resource 1 Unilever Mit, (2016). Strategic Outsourcing Alliances in the Supply Chain. [online] Available at: https://web.mit.edu/supplychain/repository/MIT_Unilever_Affiliates_Day_Sept_02.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: Unilever is one of the greatest cases of the associations that could succeed with outsourcing their advantages and improvement of ERP based framework to an outsider and the asset is a report that covers the same. The organization chose to outsource the outline and advancement of the majority of its ERP Systems to other merchant that turned out to be gainful for Unilever as it carried expanded benefits and better incomes with it. The procedure was done after appropriate arranging and various gatherings inside and remotely too. The asset was chosen because of the reason of the report being clear and compact as far as the data that it secured. Resource 2 Acer Delattre, A., Hess, T. and Chieh, K. (2016). Strategic Outsourcing: Electronics Manufacturing Transformation in Changing Business Climates. [online] Available at: https://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/apcity/unpan015115.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: The second association that took the choice of outsourcing is Acer which is a major name in the equipment universe of PC frameworks and the asset is a paper that covers the system and the reasons that were available in the choice. The creator trusts that because of the diminishing pieces of the overall industry and the execution in the business sector, Acer chose to outsource each and every operation and administration that it was performing. The choice was difficult as it put everything in question with the choice of outsourcing and it ended up being one great choice for the organization as it brought about expanded pieces of the overall industry and benefits. The determination of this specific asset was done as it clarified the technique and the methodology that Acer took after amid the outsourcing procedure. Week 10 Task The text discusses the need to manage scope, time, cost, quality and risk in IS implementations. Of these, cost is arguably the most difficult to manage and the cause of many IS implementation project failures. Collect and summarise two online resources that describe examples of where IS implementation project costs have vastly exceeded the original budget. The resources must not be about the same organisation/project. Resource 1 Channel Tunnel Hfw, (2014). The Channel Tunnel: Have we learnt our lessons. [online] Available at: https://www.hfw.com/downloads/HFW-CN-Channel-Tunnel-Article-July-2014.pdf [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: The resource is an article that summaries the endeavours that failed in view of an extensive variety of reasons with the spending overpower as an imperative cause behind the same. Channel Tunnel was an endeavour that was arranged at an immense cost of $7 billion and it entered organization in 1994 with twofold the cost as $13 billion. The endeavour was further messed with a cost of $9.3 billion. The gathering that was associated with the errand continued genuinely gravely as a result of the overhaul in the cost. The benefit was picked as it gave specifics about the hidden and last cost that was associated with the endeavour besides secured other relevant inconspicuous components too. Resource 2 IBM Stretch Project Widman, J. (2016). IT's biggest project failures -- and what we can learn from them. [online] Computerworld. Available at: https://www.computerworld.com/article/2533563/it-project-management/it-s-biggest-project-failures----and-what-we-can-learn-from-them.html [Accessed 28 Sep. 2016]. Summary: The second case is connected with IBM and the asset is a paper that covers the events of the undertaking and the reason for the disappointment. IBM's stretch undertaking is a basic case in the errands that turned out seriously to the extent cost and timetable. IBM expected to drop the cost of the thing to $7.8 million from the organized $13.5 million in light of genuine expense and timetable overpower. The creator trusts that the occurrence not simply influenced the endeavour bunch adversely anyway all caused huge damage on the reputation of the relationship close by an impact of the accomplices that were associated with the endeavour. The determination of this asset was done as it was composed as a contextual investigation and thus secured every one of the specifics that were connected with the undertaking and its disappointment alongside the effect too. Conclusion The report helped in understanding of the various aspects of the ICT world by providing the ability to research and develops an understanding on 10 different topics. The topics that have been covered in the report are computer storage memory, embedded operating systems, IoT applications, text based application layer protocols, ransomware attacks, network outage attacks, social media marketing strategy, database vendors in the market, and strategic outsourcing and IT project failures due to budget overrun. All of these topics aided in acquiring more details and information about each one of them along with the detailed analysis as well.

Use Of Force Essays - Fiction, Time Lords, The Doctor, Second Doctor

Use Of Force The Use of Force illustrates very well the feelings and emotions of a normally rational person, who, for any reason, is subjected to a situation that causes much frustration and anger. Most people have patience, but everyone has a breaking-point. The doctor found his breaking point. It was almost frightening to read what the doctor was going to do next to the little girl. What he did was no doubt justified, however, when he said "I could have torn the child apart in my own fury and enjoyed it," that shows a lack of self control. I believe this story is very much like everyday life in the past few years. People lose their tempers too easily instead of being patient and cooling off. A great example of this is the Jerry Springer Show; people go to that show already very angry, and they think that being on TV will aid them in resolving their conflicts. That is certainly not what happens, though. One person almost always becomes enraged and physically attacks another person. It's sick. I see it in the hallways of our school. People lash out at anyone for any reason-bumping into them. It is terrible. Just blow it off and calm down. The story The Use of Force shows the evil side of a person. The doctor had to do his job, but did not need to physically harm the little girl. His uncontrollable ferocity and belligerence are startling, but it is sadly a common occurrence in the present.

10 Facts About Chromosomes

10 Facts About Chromosomes Chromosomes are cell components that are composed of DNA and located within the nucleus of our cells. The DNA of a chromosome is so long, that it must be wrapped around proteins called histones and coiled into loops of chromatin in order for them to be able to fit within our cells. The DNA comprising chromosomes consists of thousands of genes that determine everything about an individual. This includes sex determination and inherited traits such as eye color, dimples, and freckles. Discover ten interesting facts about chromosomes. 1) Bacteria Have Circular Chromosomes Unlike the thread-like linear strands of chromosomes found in eukaryotic cells, chromosomes in prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, typically consist of a single circular chromosome. Since prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, this circular chromosome is found in the cell cytoplasm. 2) Chromosome Numbers Vary Among Organisms Organisms have a set number of chromosomes per cell. That number varies across different species and is on average between 10 to 50 total chromosomes per cell. Diploid human cells have a total of 46 chromosomes (44 autosomes, 2 sex chromosomes). A cat has 38, lily 24, gorilla 48, cheetah 38, starfish 36, king crab 208, shrimp 254, mosquito 6, turkey 82, frog 26, and E.coli bacterium 1. In orchids, chromosome numbers vary from 10 to 250 across species. The adders-tongue fern (Ophioglossum reticulatum) has the most number of total chromosomes with 1,260. 3) Chromosomes Determine Whether You are Male or Female Male gametes or sperm cells in humans and other mammals contain one of two types of sex chromosomes: X or Y. Female gametes or eggs, however, contain only the X sex chromosome, so if a sperm cell containing an X chromosome fertilizes, the resulting zygote will be XX, or female. Alternatively, if the sperm cell contains a Y chromosome, than the resulting zygote will be XY, or male. 4) X Chromosomes Are Bigger Than Y Chromosomes Y chromosomes are about one-third the size of X chromosomes. The X chromosome represents about 5% of the total DNA in cells, while the Y chromosome represents about 2% of a cells total DNA. 5) Not All Organisms Have Sex Chromosomes Did you know that not all organisms have sex chromosomes? Organisms such as wasps, bees, and ants do not have sex chromosomes. Sex is therefore determined by fertilization. If an egg becomes fertilized, it will develop into a male. Unfertilized eggs develop into females. This type of asexual reproduction is a form of parthenogenesis. 6) Human Chromosomes Contain Viral DNA Did you know that about 8% of your DNA comes from a virus? According to researchers, this percentage of DNA is derived from viruses known as Borna viruses. These viruses infect the neurons of humans, birds and other mammals, leading to infection of the brain. Borna virus reproduction occurs in the nucleus of infected cells. Viral genes that are replicated in infected cells can become integrated into chromosomes of sex cells. When this occurs, the viral DNA is passed from parent to offspring. It is thought that Borna virus could be responsible for certain psychiatric and neurological illness in humans. 7) Chromosome Telomeres are Linked to Aging and Cancer Telomeres are areas of DNA located at the ends of chromosomes. They are protective caps that stabilize DNA during cell replication. Over time, telomeres wear down and become shortened. When they become too short, the cell can no longer divide. Telomere shortening is linked to the aging process as it can trigger apoptosis or programmed cell death. Telomere shortening is also associated with cancer cell development. 8) Cells Dont Repair Chromosome Damage During Mitosis Cells shut off DNA repair processes during cell division. This is because a dividing cell does not recognize the difference between damaged DNA stands and telomeres. Repairing DNA during mitosis could cause telomere fusion, which may result in cell death or chromosome abnormalities. 9) Males Have Increased X Chromosome Activity Because males have a single X chromosome, it is necessary for cells at times to increase gene activity on the X chromosome. The protein complex MSL helps to up-regulate or increase gene expression on the X chromosome by helping the enzyme RNA polymerase II to transcribe DNA and express more of the X chromosome genes. With the help of the MSL complex, RNA polymerase II is able to travel further along the DNA strand during transcription, thereby causing more genes to be expressed. 10) There Are Two Main Types of Chromosome Mutations Chromosome mutations sometimes occur and can be categorized into two main types: mutations that cause structural changes and mutations that cause changes in chromosome numbers. Chromosome breakage and duplications can cause several types of chromosome structural changes including gene deletions (loss of genes), gene duplications (extra genes), and gene inversions (broken chromosome segment is reversed and inserted back into the chromosome). Mutations can also cause an individual to have an abnormal number of chromosomes. This type of mutation occurs during meiosis and causes cells to have either too many or not enough chromosomes. Down syndrome or Trisomy 21 results from the presence of an additional chromosome on autosomal chromosome 21. Sources: Chromosome. UXL Encyclopedia of Science. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 16 Dec. 2015.Chromosome Numbers For Living Organisms. Alchemipedia. Accessed 16 Dec. 2015.X chromosome Genetics Home Reference. Reviewed January 2012. Y chromosome Genetics Home Reference. Reviewed January 2010.

Amicus Brief (Abortion) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Amicus Brief (Abortion) - Essay Example his brief before the Court as an amicus curiae for the purpose of pointing out to the Court the errors of law committed by the Supreme Court of Freedonia when it upheld the state of Freedonia over the herein petitioner Jane Roe in regard to the constitutionality of the Freedonia Abortion Act 2009. The UK and the United States are both State Parties to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR hereafter). On December 16, 1966 in New York, the ICCPR, a United Nations initiated covenant, was declared open for signature. The UK signed it on September 16, 1968 with its ratification papers duly submitted to the Committee on May 20, 1976. As per the Committee records, the US signed the covenant on October 5, 1977 and ratified it on June 8, 1992 (UN Treaty Collection). Under international laws, the US is obliged to comply with the provisions of international treaties, like the ICCPR to which it is a state party. In upholding international treaties, like the ICCPR, respecting civil rights of citizens, the UK has passed into law the Abortion Act of 1967 and other related laws like the Human Fertilisation Act 1990 (amended in 2000). Unlike the US federal system in which fifty-states are free to enact their respective abortion-related laws so long as they do not contravene the US Constitution, the UK, a unitary state, has one set of abortion laws applicable all throughout its jurisdiction, except for Northern Ireland in respect to abortion laws. In UK, except for Northern Ireland, abortion is legal. A woman can opt for abortion up to the 24th week of conception if two doctors can attest that she or her children, runs a risk, physically and mentally, if the pregnancy is carried to its full term. The limit, however, is not applicable if two doctors agree that a woman’s pregnancy places her life at risk if she continues with the pregnancy or the child is likely to be born with serious physical or mental defects or to save the woman’s life or to

American history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

American history - Essay Example Walt should join this March as it was influential to the cessation of the war in Vietnam. He should join the protests because the protest was largely peaceful and led to a global phenomenon of peaceful demonstrations against the war. Given the fact that these protests and moratoria were mostly led by students and activists, Walt would be wise to join because he would become part of a major historical event whose multiplier effect led to the end of the War, 6 years later. If Walt fails to take my advice and choose to land in 1968, Walt will be faced with the Chicano Movement demonstrations. The movement led to demonstrations for a better educational reform for Mexican-American students in Los Angeles. More student demonstrations took place in L.A because the Chicano students felt there was unequal treatment in the American Educational system. Thousands of Mexican-American students from the five major schools in L.A pushed for a bilingual and bicultural education using their motto, â€Å"Chicano Power.† It will be unwise for Walt to join the demonstrations because he would be an outcast since white students did not participate in this demonstration and also because a number of protesters were injured, arrested and charged with felony. Since Walt loves politics, he should join Richard Nixon’s presidential campaigns and shun off Hubert Humphrey’s campaigns as it is not wise to align himself with a loser. At the end of the month in C hicago, police demonstrated against antiwar demonstrators. Walt should join this demonstration as it is an important part of the protests against the controversial Vietnam War. Democratic National Convention nominates Hubert Humphrey as its candidate for presidency (Provisions of the Constitution and United States Code Relating to Presidential Elections, par 5). Richard Nixon wins the November elections, which makes Walt’s support

Mass Media and Violent Behavior among Adolescents Essay Example for Free

Mass Media and Violent Behavior among Adolescents Essay Violent scenes have become extremely commonplace among different forms of mass media that is available to the public. However, the rise of many heinous crimes committed by individuals who have been reported to patronize different mass media which contain excessive violence have made many behavioral psychologists and other researchers to see if there is a direct relationship between the extensive exposure of violence in different types of mass media and the development of violent behavior among adolescents. This paper aims to provide relevant information that while there is a direct relationship between the exposure of violent scenes in mass media and the development of violent behavior among adolescents, there are a number of other factors which need to be present in order for exposure to violent scenes in mass media to cause an adolescent to exemplify violent behavioral patterns. The paper would present a brief overview of the growth of popularity of violent scenes in different types of mass media. It would then provide factual incidences which have caused behavioral psychologists and other researchers to search for the relationship of increased exposure to violence in mass media and the development of violent behavior among adolescents as well as the different factors that an adolescent must already possess in order for such a direct relationship to occur. Violence as Entertainment Since the ancient times, violence has proven to be a popular form of entertainment in almost every culture in the world. These violent forms of entertainment range from viewing animals engaging in combat with each other, to various forms of entertainment where two individuals would need to physically compete and defeat the other in order to be claimed as the winner. Over the centuries, violence has remained a popular form of entertainment to the masses. It is presently used in computer video games, movies and television (Felson 1996). Crimes Linked to Violent Forms of Mass Media Recently, there has been a rise of a number of various heinous crimes committed by various individuals who have been noted to have become frequently exposed to various kinds of mass media which have been known to contain excessively graphic violent scenes. In 1993, two 11-year old boys where charged for the murder of a two-year old toddler named James Bulger by beating the young toddler to death along a railway track. This resulted to a number of various journalists to speculate that the violent nature of the crime and the violent behavior inert of these young boys were a result of them watching Child’s Play III, a horror film which was released during this time (Holland 2001). Perhaps the most popular case where behavioral psychologists and other researchers have theorized that violent scenes from different types of mass media leads to violent behavior, especially among adolescents, was on April 20, 1999. On this day, two teenagers who have been known to be fans of various violent video games and films which have been eventually discovered in the rooms of the two teenagers who had committed the crime before killing themselves with self-inflicted gunshots (Roy 2002). This was led to a number of research studies to be conducted in relation to the influence of violent scenes found in different forms of mass media and the development of violent behavior, particularly among the youth. The results of these research studies were then published in numerous peer-viewed journals and newspapers in order to make the public aware of the direct relationship between heavy exposures to violent scenes found in different forms of media have caused many adolescent to exemplify and exhibit violent forms of behavior towards each other (Gauntlett 2001). Contention to the Study Over the past few years, many research studies have been published which actually contend the belief that extreme exposure of violent scenes in different forms of mass media to have a direct influence to the development of violent behavior among adolescents. While these research studies do not disregard exposure to violent scenes in mass media can induce the development of violent behavior among adolescents, research studies have stipulated that there are other factors that contribute to this. One is the exposure of the adolescents to other acts of violence that have not been viewed through mass media. An adolescent, according to these research studies, can also develop violent acts of behavior by being exposed to various acts of violence that occur within the community the adolescent belongs. Among these are exposure to domestic violence and gang violence, which commonly occur within communities which have a low income socio-economic status (Jipguep Sanders-Phillips 2003). Another is the presence of psychological distress. Adolescents who have been diagnosed or exhibit symptoms of anxiety and depression brought about by acts of alienation and other forms of victimization brought about by their peers and other individuals would also induce violent behavior to be exhibited by these adolescents. This was the case of the two Columbine High School shooters who have been subjected to alienation and acts of bullying from their fellow classmates (Jipguep Sanders-Phillips 2003; Roy 2002). Conclusion Aggression and other forms of violent behavior may be triggered by violent scenes found in different types of mass media adolescents are able to access today. However, it has been determined that an adolescent must possess other characteristics and traits for violent scenes from mass-media to trigger violence among adolescents. Some of these include and adolescent’s exposure to acts of violence at home or within his or her community as well as oppressive acts towards these adolescents by their peers. It is for this reason that researchers and medical professionals are now able to explain why exposure to violent scenes in mass media does not affect all adolescents in terms of triggering violence. References Felson, R. B. (1996). Mass media effects on violent behavior. Annual review of sociology, 22, 103-28. Gauntlett, D. (2001). The worrying influence of ‘media effects’ studies. In M. Barker (Ed. ), Ill effects: the media/violence debate (pp. 47-62). New York: Routledge. Holland, P. (2001). Living for libido; or ‘child’s play IV’: the imagery of childhood and the call for censorship. In M. Barker (Ed. ), Ill effects: the media/violence debate (pp. 78- 86). New York: Routledge. Jipguep, M. C. Sanders-Phillips, K. (2003). The context of violence for children of color: violence in the community and in the media. The journal of Negro education, 72(4), 379-95. Roy, J. M. (2002). Love to hate: America’s obsession with hatred and violence. New York: Columbia University Press.

Elizabeth Bathory :: essays papers

Elizabeth Bathory In order to improve her complexion and also to maintain her failing grasp on her youth and vitality, she slaughtered six hundred innocent young women from her tiny mountain principality... The noble Bà ¡thory family stemmed from the Hun Gutkeled clan which held power in broad areas of east central Europe (in those places now known as Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and Romania), and had emerged to assume a role of relative eminence by the first half of the 13th century. Abandoning their tribal roots, they assumed the name of one of their estates (Bà ¡tor meaning 'valiant') as a family name. Their power rose to reach a zenith by the mid 16th century, but declined and faded to die out completely by 1658. Great kings, princes, members of the judiciary, as well as holders of ecclesiastical and civil posts were among the ranks of the Bà ¡thorys. Adopting an exalted name did not alter some basic familial preferences among lesser lights however, and in order to consolidate more tenuous clingings to influence there was considerable intermarriage amongst the Bà ¡thory family, with some of the usual problems of this practice produced as a result. Unfortunately, beyond the 'usual problems' some extraordinary difficulties arose (namely hideous psychoses) and several "evil geniuses" appeared, the notorious and sadistic Erzsà ©bet the most prominent of them. Truly, she was evil enough to be recognized as one of the original "vampires" who later inspired Bram Stoker to write the legend of Dracula -- but unlike Stoker's story, she was real. Unusual for one of her social status, she was a fit and active child. Raised as Magyar royalty, as a young maid she was quite beautiful; delicate in her features, slender of build, tall for the time, but her personality did not attain the same measure of fortuitous development. In her own opinion her most outstanding feature was her often commented upon gloriously creamy complexion. Although others were not really so equally impressed with the quality of her rather ordinary skin, they offered copious praise if they knew what was good for them, as Erzsà ©bet did not accept unenthusiastic half-measures of adulation; and she was vindictive. She was only 15 when she was 'married off' for political gain and position to a rough soldier of (nevertheless) aristocratic stock and manner. By reason of the marriage, she became the lady of the Castle of Csejthe, his home, situated deep in the Carpathian mountains of what is now central Romania, but which then was known only as Transylvania.

Doubt: Catholic Church and Father Flynn

Decision making without concrete evidence can lead to faulty actions Leaders need to make decisions on the basis of substantiated evidence. Decisions made under other circumstances can cause the observer to doubt the legitimacy of the leader’s decision. In the play Doubt: A Parable, by John Patrick Shanley, Sister Aloysius’ mischievous mind is always looking for ways to over analyse the actions of Father Flynn. She is almost diabolical in her actions to have him removed from the school. Father Flynn, on the other hand, appears only interested in doing what is best for Donald Muller. Unfortunately, his well-intentioned actions make him vulnerable to the suspicious Sister Aloysius. Sister Aloysius’ certainty that innocent actions are harmful causes her to unfairly judge Father Flynn. Sister Aloysius unfairly judges Father Flynn's sermons and suspects his motives. At this point Sister Aloysius has only suspicions that Father Flynn could be in Doubt or knows someone that is. While speaking to Sister James, Sister Aloysius indicates her concerns about Father Flynn’s and indicates that by saying â€Å"Well, sermons come from somewhere, don't they? Is Father Flynn in Doubt, is he concerned that someone else is in Doubt? (Shanley 14). Sister Aloysius does not have any substantiated evidence of Father Flynn, as she only has her suspicions. One of her major character flaw is that she harbors a deep mistrust in her students, fellow sergman and society itself. So far, all she knew at that point was that Father Flynn grabbed a boy’s wrists, and that he was talking about Doubt in one of his sermons. Father Flynn said later on in the book that his sermons are not true stories because lies make for a better sermon. â€Å"I'm sorry, I'm not forthright, but I must be careful not to create something. I can only say I am confused, perhaps needless, about matters in St. Nicolas School,† Sister Aloysius remarks. (15) You can tell by this quote that she has some negative thoughts about the incident with Donald Muller, as she assumes that Father Flynn is having inappropriate behaviour toward Donald Muller. She is trying rephrasing it so it is less obvious of her concerns and assumptions. Sister Aloysius negatively judges Father Flynn's interest in promoting a closer relationship between the Church and the community because she feels it is an inappropriate way to interact with the students and community. But we’re not members of their family. We’re different†¦.. And they think were different. The working class people of this parish trust us to be different† (30) Sister Aloysius remarks. Sister Aloysius believes that because they are a Catholic school, they must stay true to their vows that the school believes in. She believes that the rules are in place f or a reason, and to be true to God, she must obey the oath that she took to become a Sister. Anything that challenges the operation of the school, and is out of line, she would not stand for. Therefore, she did not believe in the recommendation of changing the way things were already being run. The traditions of the Roman Catholic Church form the back bone of the rules and standards that Sister Aloysius is supporting. Father Flynn is a strong believer in the proposition that the Church should be more lenient and fun with the students, as it creates a better community of people. He makes a statement in the play that goes a little like this, â€Å"I think the message of the second Ecumenical Council was that the Church needs to take on a more familiar face. Reflect the local community. We should sing a song from the radio now and then. Take the kids out for ice cream. † (30) Father Flynn does not believe in following the rules of the Church to such a high extent that it is needed to emphasis every single rule. Unlike Sister Aloysius, he feels that having the school a more relaxed and fun environment results in creating a better learning strategy for the students. It also makes it a better environment for the teachers and student to be in because there is less stress. In result though, Sister Aloysius is against this proposition because she feels that she must abide by the rules and is more for the old school kind of method. Sister Aloysius unfairly doubts Father Flynn's explanation regarding the incident with Donald Muller because of her preconceived notions regarding his motives. â€Å"What happened in the rectory? † (32). Sister Aloysius questions. This quote states that she is clearly tired of dancing around the question, as at this point she has given up and just wants an explanation. She wants him to admit that he seduced the boy because she ‘knows’ that this is true due to her certainty. She does not believe his explanation that he was just talking to Donald in the rectory about keeping him on as an altar boy, even though he stole the wine. The needs for Father Flynn to tell her that she is right is important to her. This will put her at ease with the case and allow her to feel satisfied by her gain in authority and power. †There was alcohol on his breath when he returned from the meeting with you. † (33) Sister Aloysius remarks. She believes that Father Flynn is also guilty based on the fact that she assumes, he gave Donald Muller wine so he could seduce the boy. Believes that he did something to the boy, Sister Aloysius thinks that it is inappropriate and therefore, when he came back to class, he had his head on his desk and had alcohol on his breath. Sister James corroborates this remark by stating, â€Å"I did smell it on his breath† (33). This comment gives more certainty to Sister Aloysius and her beliefs. She does later on tell Sister Aloysius that she is going to bring Father Flynn down with or without Sister James’ help. This indicates how committed and certain she is to her stand on this critical issue. With the lack of supported evidence that Sister Aloysius has discovered concerning Father Flynn’s motives, it is unfair and unreasonable to be certain about her unquestionable justifications. She has closed her mind on all the other possibilities that could be, because of her singular mind set . If she doubts herself, she would feel unsteady and uncertain. Her hard-won knowledge would evaporate right before her and she would be vulnerable, a characteristic that she does not feel comfortable exploring†¦ just yet.

The key elements of Mattels Strategy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2161 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Mattel is the worldwide leader in the design, manufacture and marketing of toys and family products in 150 countries. The companys main products include Barbie, Fisher-Price toys, Hot Wheels and Matchbox cars, American Girl dolls and books and items licensed by Sesame Street, Barney Friends and Ferrari. In 2000, Robert Eckert replaced Jill Barad as CEO of the company. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The key elements of Mattels Strategy" essay for you Create order Soon after, he came to realize the importance of creating a basic workforce management plan for the company. That would motivate the workforce and generate a more skilled and competitive workforce. He decided to set up a systematic succession strategy that would help the company to retain its original talent. Key elements of Mattels HRM strategy Mattels HRM strategy constitutes the following: Leadership development Succession planning Performance tracking Motivating the workforce Employee training CRITICAL EVALUATION OF HRM STRATEGY IN RELATION TO THEORIES Leadership development Leadership Development refers to any activity that enhances the quality of leadership within an individual or organization. Robbins et al., (1996) In Mattel, ambitious initiatives were proposed to make the workforce more disciplined. The idea was to create tangible development programmes to generate a more skilled and competitive workforce. Succession planning By succession planning we mean the development of high potentials to effectively take over the current leadership when their time comes to exit their positions. Morgan Witzel (1999) Eckert wanted to set up a systematic succession strategy at Mattel that would enable the company to retain its home-grown talent. The new succession planning process encouraged executives in strategic positions to exchange the information with one another and among employees at different levels. There was a 360-degree feedback system that let employees know how well they were doing. Motivating the workforce Motivation is defined as a driving force that initiates and directs behaviour. In other words, motivation is a kind of internal energy which drives a person to do something in order to achieve something. Richard Romando, (2007) Getting the company on healthy footing is an essential step for any organization and so does for Mattel. Eckert realised the importance of motivating his workforce to get best possible results from them. For that he decided to carry out following actions. Internal promotion In Mattel, Eckert focussed on internal promotion. That is why 75% of open positions are filled internally to increase the internal promotion level. Employee opinion survey Many of talent development seminars are carried out at Mattel that serve as a platform for employees worldwide to exchange their ideas and advice and also encourage them to reach out. Employee training Training involves an expert working with learners to transfer to them certain areas of knowledge or skills to improve in their current jobs. John et al., (2008) Eckert wanted to reduce the throw spaghetti against the wall and see what sticks dynamic that was in place at MATTEL. His solution was to train and develop the companys people to make them competitive and properly skilled. MATTELS HRM STRATEGY CURRENT EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT Below is the assessment of Mattels HRM strategy in relation with current external environment: Economic Factors Today people look for budget friendly toys that lend themselves to long-lasting play. Also changes in the growth of employment are also affecting demand. Therefore Mattel must keep a check on their price levels. Social Factors The expectations of consumers about the quality of toys are increasing day by day which requires continuous quality assurance by Mattel. Also there is a rising trend of computer games which helps Mattel to gain market share. Furthermore, Toys at Mattel also help children to learn social norms by teaching them certain kinds of play. Technological Factors The absence of quality of toys in market is an opportunity for Mattel to step into to gain more market share. Also, development of interactive software programs may help the company a lot as there is a high demand of variety of software programs. It has been noticed that the tiny magnets used in the manufacturing of toys may fall off the toys which are deadly if swallowed which is a kind of threat to Mattel. Cultural Factors Customer looks for product quality, safety, affordability and uniqueness of the product. However Mattel needs to create some common aspirations and fantasies for boys and girls to attract them towards toys market. Competitors There are various competitors of Mattel including Wal-Mart, Toys R Us, Hasbro, Louis Marx and Milton Bradley. The ability to retain talent is particularly critical in the fiercely competitive toy industry. Market Forces Mattel is facing a high threat of both new entrants and its competitors. Changes in consumer sentiment also have a significant effect on demand. Competition in this industry is high and increasing. A changing market, shaped by the emergence of new competitors and the increased bargaining power of retailers like Wal-Mart, has made the industry particularly complicated. POTENTIAL ISSUES FACED BY AN ORGANIZATION After a thorough reading and analysis of the case study, I understand how important it is for a company to keep a balance between its organizational HRM strategy and divisional personalization. For that every company must look for a strategic balance between the company itself and its individual business units and so did Mattel. This helps the company to maintain a degree of personalisation among its units and at the same time helping them to carry out performance management, succession planning and tracking using certain guidelines. Following are the potential issues that the company face in balancing the organisational HRM Strategy with divisional personalization. Rigid Silo Mentality Lack of close-knit communities and strong group dynamics Disconnected subcultures Absence of One Vision/Goal Inefficient level of commitment to workforce development Lack of proper flow of information among employees at different level Lack of Creativity and innovation of tal ent Poor Communication Weak Team Spirit Lack of employee training Lack of Motivation in Employees CONCLUSION The overall analysis of Mattels HRM strategy shows that all of the top managers at Mattel tried to run the company in the best possible way in their respective time period. But somehow there had been some critical issues that were not handled accurately which led to the companys decline at some stage. However, Eckerts strategy to lead the company towards its unified goal by understanding the importance of workforce management along with other monetary concerns was successful to some extent. However its important for a company to focus on following key issues for long-term success. Employee Motivation should be considered as a major function of Management. Multi-tasking and employee shuffling within the organization is necessary for broad vision and proper understanding of the companys objective. Knowledge Management should be considered a key strategic resource when it comes to the competitiveness of a company. Management should be able to find ways of making product ion more cost-effective. Self-discipline and willingness to take risks must be given due importance. BIBLIOGRAPHY Stephen Robbins, Bruce Millet Terry Waters-Marsh (1996) The Leadership Development Handbook, 4th ed, published by Prentice Hall Morgan Witzel, (1999), UEBN Dictionary of Business and Management Richard Romando (2007) Define Motivation John Van Liew Morris (2008) A Study of Education and Training Departments in various corporations Amabile, T. (1996): Creativity in Context: Update to the Social Psychology of Creativity, Boulder, CO. Richard M.Steers, Lyman W, Porter (1975) Motivation and Work Behaviour Thad B.Green (1992): Performance and Motivation Strategies for todays Workforce. S. Cromwell J. Kolb (2004) An examination of work-environment support factors affecting transfer of supervisory skills training to the work place, Human Resource Development Quarterly. PART 2 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT INTRODUCTION Performance Management is a key to success for an organization. It should be strategic and integrated. It should link various aspects of the business, people management, and individuals and teams. It helps to establish a culture in which individuals and groups take responsibility for the continuous improvement of business processes and of their own skills, behaviour and contributions. Cunneen, P. (2006). Each individual at Mattel had its own distinct culture, language and way of doing business. Instead of close-knit communities and strong group dynamics, there were disjointed subcultures. Therefore Eckert made certain changes to performance management to motivate employees and to redirect them towards a combined goal. DEFINITION Performance Management is a process which contributes to the effective management of individuals and teams in order to achieve high levels of organisational performance Armstrong et al., (2004) ORGANIZATIONAL EXAMPLE D S TOYS CO LTD- HONG KONG used following approaches to increase its organizational performance. Benchmarking: It used standard measurements for comparison to other organizations in order to gain standpoint on organizational performance. Business Process Reengineering: It helped them to increase performance by re-designing the organizations structures and processes. Continuous Improvement: They focussed on improving customer satisfaction through continuous improvements to processes by removing unnecessary activities. CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CHANGES MADE TO PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT BY ECKERT Here I am going to analyze the changes made to performance management by Eckert, with the help of performance management framework put forward by David Otley in 1987 that includes five sets of following issues: Key objectives of the organization Strategies and plans adopted by the organization Setting appropriate performance targets Rewards gained by achieving these performance targets Feedback that helps the organization to learn from its experience Objectives Eckerts main objectives to bring a change in performance management were One Mattel approach along with creating a leaner and more agile organization. Strategies and Plans Eckerts strategy was to create a basic workforce management and leadership development plan. Different coaching courses were held to develop interpersonal skills, emotional Intelligence and negotiation. For proper performance tracking, Eckert established pay rewards system in combination with the 360-degree feedback system. He also made serious training investments for team building, exchanging ideas and identifying rising stars within the company. Targets Making changes to performance management by Eckert, was basically targeted to generate a more skilled and competitive workforce along with the institutionalization of people development. The main purpose was the removal of disjointed subcultures by giving rise to workforce development and giving the employees a single approach to accomplish Mattels vision. Overall, I analyse that Eckerts basic targets were to: Plan where the business is heading and manage progress against plan. Respond faster to changing market. Reduce costs and improve productivity across business units. Analyze business information to understand what is driving trends. Rewards After making these changes to performance management, some of the basic rewards that Eckert gained were: Motivated Workforce Increased employee morale and overall productivity More disciplined workforce Reduced debt by $ 759 million The company generated $ 3.56 billion of cash between 2001 and 2005 More discerning employees who were able to make better predictions Disappearance of rigid silo mentality Feedback Regular monitoring and performance appraisals helped Eckert to make its workforce more motivated. Furthermore following up planned actions ensured the improvement in companys growth. Individual performance and development plans resulted in trained workers which were observed to be more disciplined and competitive. SUSTAINABILITY OF MATTELS APPROCH TO PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT It is easy to establish a system than to retain it. Therefore Eckert needs to develop a continuous approach as follows to help retain its performance management level Continuous skill development to train the employees in order to achieve companys goal. Maintaining True pay-for-performance culture so that each employee is rewarded for what they deserve. Recognizing gaps will enable the companys management to properly map out succession plans while employees develop attainable career paths. Making Professional development programs that are better aligned directly to achieving business level goals. Improve Performance by identifying the metrics that have the greatest impact on goal attainment so you can make the most informed strategic decisions. High confidence in bonus payment process Coaching classes for continuous employee retaining Continuous Improvement in interpersonal and communication skills Keeping the system alive is the greatest challenge for Ma ttel. This can be done by keeping the performance management system viable for future by evaluating PM system, aligning the system, delivering refresher training and through proper communication among different levels within Mattel. By promoting behaviours that are aligned with its values and culture. CONCLUSION Performance Management is considered as a critical business tool that plays an important role in translating business strategy into results. Success with performance management does not happen automatically, it requires work. Those individuals responsible for implementing and maintaining the performance management system must ensure that their management team understands the potential of effective performance management and is committed to success. Fischer, R.J. (1994). Overall analysis shows that Mattels workforce strategy is successful and workforce has become more disciplined. They have the skills and the know-how to make better predictions. Employees are benefiting from the new dynamic as it has opened up career advancement opportunities beyond their division. Eventually the company needs to sustain its growth by continuous follow up and improvement in its systematic approach with the changing times. Summarizing all above I must say that management at Mattel must highly focus o n encouraging and enabling effective and on-going performance discussions and coaching between managers and employees as this is the basis to any performance management initiative.